SUSTAINABLE AI – The term sustainable AI is frequently associated with environmental concerns, but this interpretation reflects only a narrow aspect of its broader significance. IGPP seeks to expand this discourse by promoting an understanding of AI that is economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable. This vertical examines the entire AI lifecycle, from infrastructure development and data collection to data cleaning, model development, deployment, and end-user interaction. IGPP’s approach is rooted in viewing AI as part of a broader ecosystem, emphasizing interconnected impacts and responsible governance.
COMPUTE INFRASTRUCTURE – Compute infrastructure serves as both the engine and the brain of AI systems it powers the processing of vast datasets and facilitates the training of models to recognize complex patterns. As such, it is a foundational requirement for any nation aspiring to be a serious contender in the global AI race. With growing momentum around building AI compute infrastructure in India, it becomes critical to assess its sustainability, particularly in the absence of a comprehensive national policy governing the development of such foundational infrastructure.
DATA CENTERS – One of the most important compute infrastructures that India is building is data centers. With its extensive expansion at an unprecedented rate often without clearly assessing its impact on society. Under this IGPP research team is analysing the policies related to establishment of data centres in India and what challenges might arise if it is not well thought and context insensitive.
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Tamil Nadu is emerging as a frontrunner in India’s economic and digital transformation, driven by a strategic focus on technology, innovation, and inclusive growth. The state’s vision of fostering a digitally literate population and establishing itself as the preferred destination for investors has created a highly favourable environment for business and technological advancement. This progress is driven by Tamil Nadu’s unique combination of a strong local talent base, forward-looking governance, and well developed infrastructure. The state boasts one of the country’s most exceptional technology workforces, contributing nearly 20% of India’s tech professionals (The Hindu Bureau, 2024). Tamil Nadu’s ambitions are equally bold: the planned establishment of 400 Global Capability Centers and the rollout of high-speed internet to all 12,000 village panchayats (Express News Service, 2022) reflecting a clear commitment to bridging the urban-rural digital divide. As Tamil Nadu accelerates its efforts to become a hub for emerging technologies, including, artificial intelligence, blockchain, and cybersecurity, it recognizes that these innovations rely on a robust digital foundation. At the core of this foundation is data centers, the critical infrastructure powering AI systems, cloud computing, and the broader digital economy.
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The Government of Rajasthan has launched the Rajasthan Data Center Policy 2025, anchored in the vision that “Data is the New Oil & Data Centers the New Oil Wells.” The policy outlines a forward-looking roadmap to develop 300 MW of data center capacity over the next five years, establish five dedicated data center parks, and attract investments worth ₹20,000 crore into the state’s digital infrastructure ecosystem. Rajasthan is uniquely positioned to capitalize on this momentum, offering a compelling value proposition through ample land availability, an abundance of renewable energy and a strategic location that connects key regions in northern and western India
The state also benefits from an emerging technology landscape, with Jaipur and Jodhpur evolving as budding tech hubs, supported by growing startup ecosystems and academic institutions. Furthermore, Rajasthan has already demonstrated its capability to host and sustain complex digital infrastructure, being home to India’s one of the largest state-operated data centers at the Bhamashah Technology Hub. These inherent advantages, coupled with the state’s policy-driven intent to foster secure, resilient, and energy-efficient data centers, make Rajasthan a promising contender in India’s growing data economy.